#Blue light ivia 2011b full

The term phyllosphere refers to the community of microorganisms that live under symbiotic relationship with plants, particularly on the leaves, stems, buds, flowers, that is, in the aerial parts of the plant. Knowledge to be completed in future research is discussed. Effects of narrow bandwidth wavelengths from UV to far-red light are described with an emphasis on details arising from specific plant hosts and microorganisms. The purpose of this review is to provide an independent look at the current work of the light effect on plantвЂ“phyllosphere interaction. The increasing usage of light emitting-diodes, which emit narrow bandwidth wavelengths, in research laboratories and plant growth facilities is setting the basis to unravel light-regulated plantвЂ“phyllosphere interactions. Specific light wavelengths impact these interactions to different extents. The participation of light in this interaction is a matter of recent studies too. This has driven a significant advance in the understanding of microbial dynamics in the aerial organs of plants, mainly in leaves. However, many investigations on phyllosphere have been reported lately due to the massive production of data resulting from the use of omics and related techniques. Much less was known about phyllosphere comparing to rhizosphere. The current review summarizes findings on this triple interaction: plantвЂ“microbeвЂ“light and describes advances on the promotion of plant growth elicited by microorganisms driven by energy collected from light in its different wavelengths.ДЇor many years, research on symbiotic microorganisms and their relationship with plants has mostly focused on microorganisms residing in the roots of plants, that is, the rhizosphere. Light also exerts indirect effects such as modification of moisture on leaf surfaces, change of microbial lifestyle, and habits, alteration of phyllosphere composition and diversity among others. Light directly impacts plants and microorganisms as both groups harbor photoreceptors. The phyllosphere is not a closed system but is affected by abiotic factors that influence and shape its dynamics. The phyllosphere, this complex and relatively unknown world of microbes interacting among themselves and with plant hosts, particularly with the aerial organs, is the subject of this review.

#Blue light ivia 2011b full

The effects of full light spectra and narrow bandwidth-wavelengths from UV to far-red light are discussed. This review describes research advancements on light-regulated plantвЂ“phyllosphere interactions. This progress will help define light recipes to optimize outputs on plantвЂ“phyllosphere communications. The usage of light-emitting diodes in plant growth facilities is helping increasing knowledge in the field. Therefore, light directly or indirectly influences plantвЂ“microbe interactions. On the other hand, microorganisms contribute making some essential elements (N, P, and Fe) biologically available for plants and producing growth regulators that promote plant growth and fitness. Light-induced plant responses include changes in hormonal levels, production of secondary metabolites, and release of volatile compounds, which ultimately influence plantвЂ“phyllosphere interactions. Photoreceptors respond to narrow-bandwidth wavelengths and activate specific internal responses.

Light is perceived by plants and by microorganisms and is used as a cue for their interaction. PlantвЂ“phyllosphere interactions depend on microbial diversity, the plant host and environmental factors.

2School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, UrcuquГ, Ecuador.

1Colegio de Ciencias BiolГіgicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.